Environment Effect on Underwater Wet Welding Process of API 5L X65 Steel by Coating Resin-Based E6013 Electrode
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15157/JTSE.2023.1.1.31-49Keywords:
API 5L X65 steel, Microstructure, shielded metal arc welding, Underwater wet weldingAbstract
The microstructure formed on the surface of API 5L X65 steel during underwater water wet welding is influenced by the surrounding environment and the selection of electrodes used. The E6013 electrode, coated with polyester resin, was chosen to prove whether conventional electrodes can be used for underwater wet welding and minimize the price paid due to expensive special underwater welding electrodes. Optical microscopy and SEM-EDX tests were conducted to observe and analyse the phases formed on the surfaces of the specimens and to determine the chemical elements contained. Carbon deficiency occurs during the underwater wet welding process due to compound reactions. In this research, it has been seen that austenite and ferrite are the dominant phases due to the loss of carbon, which affects the phases formed.
References
Rogalski,G.,Fydrych,D. & Labanowski, J. Underwater Wet Repair Welding of API 5L X65M Pipeline Steel. Polish Maritime Research, 2017; 24(s1) 188-194.https://doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2017-0038
De Oliveira M.C., Figueredo R.M., Acciari H.A. and Codaro E.N. Corrosion Behavior of API 5L X65 Steel Subject to Plastic Deformation. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2018; 7(3); 314–318.
Barnabas S.G., Rajakarunakaran S., Pandian G.S., Buhari A.M.I. and Muralidharan V. Review on Enhancement Techniques Necessary for The Improvement of Underwater Welding. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021; 45; 1191–1195.
Vashishtha P., Wattal R., Pandey S. and Bhadauria N. Problems Encountered in Underwater Welding and Remedies- A Review. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2022; 64; 1433–1439.
Ramírez Luna L.E., Bracarense A.Q., Pessoa E.C.P., Costa P.S., Altamirano Guerrero G. and Salas Reyes A.E. Effect of The Welding Angle on The Porosity of Underwater Wet Welds Performed in Overhead Position at Different Simulated Depths. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2021; 294; 117114.
Sundarapandiyan C., Balamurugan A. and Mohan M. A Review on Under Water Welding Process. International Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology. 2017; 8(1); 260-265.
Harahap J., Wahyudin W., Hasnita H. and Lutfhi L. Analisis Eksperimental dan Numerik Uji Tarik Hasil Pengelasan SMAW pada Baja Karbon Rendah dengan Variasi Jenis Elektroda Terhadap Sifat Mekanis. VOCATECH: Vocational Education and Technology Journal. 2022; 4(1); 8–17.
Selly R., Rahmah S., Nasution H.I., Syahputra R.A. and Zubir M. Electroplating Method on Copper (Cu) Substrate with Silver (Ag) Coating Applied. Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology. 2020; 3(2); 38-41.
Nurhasan M., Dirja I. and Setiawan R. Pengaruh Panas Terhadap Baja AISI 4340 pada Daerah HAZ, Logam Las, dan Bahan Induk Setelah Mengalami Pengelasan SMAW. Jurnal Polimesin. 2021;19(1); 81–87.
Chi J., Yu H. Water Electrolysis Based on Renewable Energy for Hydrogen Production. Chinese Journal of Catalysis. 2018; 39(3); 390–394.
Barros M.M., de Oliveira M.F.L., da Conceição Ribeiro R.C., Bastos D.C. and de Oliveira M.G. Ecological Bricks from Dimension Stone Waste and Polyester Resin. Construction and Building Materials; 2020; 232; 117252.
.png)
